Steam-boiler installation



J. KEMNAL STEAM BDILER INS'IALLATION Original Filed Dec. 27. 1917SSheets-Sheat 1 INVEMTOR'. AME5 KEMNAL ATTORNEY- Oct. 18, 1921.

J. KEMNAL STEAM BOILER INSTALLATION Original Filed Dec. 27. 1917 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Jay: Z

ooucac o o a o a o a a o o a o INvEN-rp 5- JAMES KEZMNAL 1555MA-r-rorxmzx- IN VENTOR kiwma A T 7 RA/E Y5 J. KEMN-AL STEAM BOILERINSTALLATION Original Filed Dec. 27. 1917 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 18,1927..

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UNITED STATES JAMES .KEMNAL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND,

PATENT OFFICE.

ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

THE IBABGOCK & WILCOX-COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OFNEW JERSEY.

Application filed lJecemher 27, 1917, Serial No. 208,049, and in GreatBritain August 17, 1917. Renewed.

larch This invention relates to an improved steam boiler installationcomprisinga steam generator or boiler proper, a super eater orsuperheaters, and a re-heater for the steam.

I A novel feature of the invention is the disposition of the re-heaterabove the superheater; the generator, superheater and reheater being insuperposed relationship.

The function of such re-h'eater is to effect 10 re-heating to a highertemperature than that due to-its pressure of the steam in its passagefrom one stage to another stage of a steam turbine or from one cylinderto another cylinder of a reciprocating en ine, or

for any purpose for which re-heate steam is desirable.

The invention further provides an adjustable bafiling arrangement ordamper whereby it is rendered practicable to pass the gaseous productsof combustion directly over the superheater tubes without their passingover the tubes of the,re-heater or to regulate thev assage of gases overthe tubes of the supereater or the re-heater to any desired extent witha view to regulation of the degree of super-heating action efiected inthe superheater or the re-heater. Yet another feature consists in theprovision of an air heater.

In the accompanying drawings, Fi 1 is a vertical sectional elevation ofan il ustrative form ofthe invention; Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 ofFig. 1; Fi 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fi 2; Fig. 4 1s a partialsection 86 on line 44 0% larged fragment of Fig. 1, showin tion betweenthe stationary anf baflles. c

Referring to the drawings, it will be seen the relamovable 40 that thegenerator proper, indicated generally by the reference numeral 1, is ofthe'well known Babcock & Wilcox type, whether stationary or marine, thegenerator being herein shown as fired b a chain-gratestoker, but it maybe fire with oil or gas,

or in any other manner.

Above the generator proper is or are the superheater or superheaters 2which may be of any known or suitable construction, but preferably ofthe U-tube type.

Above the superheater or su rheaters 2, in turn, is the re-heatercomprising, in the instance shown, cylindrical vessels 3 having Fig. 3and Fig. 5 is an ensuitable inlets and outlets, joined by tubes 4; thearrangement being such that the steam may flow directly from one vessel3 to the other through the tubes 4.

The tubes 4 are curved, as shown, to facilitate expansion.

5 denotes a battle or damper which is 00 mounted for vertical; slidingmovement, beng operable, for example, by means of gearlng, the saidbafile serving to control the passage of gaseous products of combustion'over the superheater and re-heater tubes. The 66 baflle 5 engages astationary bafile a at the point b.

On reference to the drawing it will be seen that when the bafile 5 israised to its highest position a clear passage is open for 7 the gasesto pass directly over the superheater tubes without their passing overthe re-heater tubes. It will also be apparent that, according to theextent to which the bafile is raised, a greater or less area open to thepassage of gases in among the superheater tubes will be presented,whereby the re-heating action effected in the re-heater may beconveniently regulated. It will be noted that there is a casing 11 ofsmaller .0 dimensions than the outer boiler casing which casing 11encloses the superheater and reheater, and that there is provided apassage-way 12 extending over the front of the casing 11 and thence overits top and 86 through which the products. of combustion pass beforereaching the air heater.

The air heater comprises a chamber located adjacent to the generator andcontaining vertical tubes 6 fitted totube-plates 7, 90 8, thearrangement being such that: the gaseous products of combustion passdownwards through the tubes 6 while the air entering at 9 flows aroundthe outside of tubes 6, being baflied by means of bafiles 10.

The setting is provided at either side with a casing 20 spaced from theinner walls of the setting to provide air passages 21 at either side ofthe setting. The heated air from the air heater tubes 6 entersabnrizontal duct 22 and from thence flows through openings 23, (one ofwhich is at each end of duct 22) into the upper part of the passages 21.Openings 24: lead from passa 21 to the stoker 1n. the furnace, and t eheated air flows downward through pas- I economy of the boiler.

reheater, means for sages 21 to the openings 24 and into the stoker. Inorder to compel the air to flow along the sides of the casing 11, avertical bafiie or partition 25, and a horizontal bafile or partition 26extend across each passage 21 between the outer and inner walls of thesetting, so that the air fiows,'as shown by dotted arrows in Fig. 3,first upwardly and over the top of baffle 25, and then downward to theopenings 24.

The heated air aids in the combustion and Moreover, by having the airheated before it passes over the furnace wall, which is built of brickor tile, as usual, an advantage is gained over the similar use ofunheated air, because any heated air percolating through the brickwork,will not reduce the efliciency to the same extent as unheated air, andsuch heated air more readily combines with any unburned gases near thefurnace walls. Furthermore, by using heated air, there is lessdifference in temperature between the inside and the outside of thebrickwork, and correspondingly less tendency for the wall to beinjuredby unequal expansion of the two sides.

In the drawings the path of the gaseous products of combustion isindicated by fullline arrows; the path of the air being indicated bydotted line arrows.

By causing the gases to flow downwardly through the air heater, anymoisture formed within the tubes because of the condensation of vaporsin the gases will be swept downwardly with the gases and thus obviateany difliculty due to the moisture, when formed. which is ordinarily ofa highly corrosive nature, from running back over the air heater, aswould be the case were the gases caused to pass upwardly through the airheater.

What I claim is 1. The combination with a steam genera;

tor, of a superheater and a steam reheater arranged to be contacted withsuccessively by the: waste gases, and bafliing arranged to direct thegases over a portion of the heating surface of the boiler, thence over aportion of the superheater, thence over a portion of .the' reheater andthence back in shecession over the reheater, superheater and boilerheating surface.

2. The combination with a steam generator and a superheater, of a steamreheater above the generator, a casing enclosing the reheater, and meansfor passing the products of combustion over said supcrheater andreheater and around said casing after leaving the generator.

3. The combination with a steam generator and a superheater, of a steamreheater above the generator, a'casing enclosing the ee the'products ofcasing after leavcombustion around ing the boiler, an air heater, andmeans for passing the hot air from the air heater.

around the portions of the casing for the steam reheater.

cession over the reheater, superhcater and boiler heating surfaces, saidbailling being arranged to divert gases from the reheater.

5. A steam boiler and its setting, a heattransfer device, a casingenclosing the same spaced from the walls of said setting, an air heater,means for directing furnace gases over said heat-transfer device andthence between the walls of said setting and said casing to said airheater, and means for directing the air from said air heater between thewalls of said setting and'said easing to the boiler furnace.

6. A steam boiler and its setting, aheattransfer device, a casingenclosing the same spaced from the walls of said setting, an air heatercomprising vertically-arranged heat ing tubes, means for directingfurnace gases over said heat-transfer device and thence upwardly betweenthe walls of said setting and said casing and downwardly through- 8. Asteam generator and its setting, said generator comprisinghorizontally-arranged boiler tubes, a heat-transfer device located abovesaid generator, an air heater located at the side of said generator andsaid heattransfer device, a casing open at its bottom enclosing saidheat-transfer device, and means for directing furnace gases across saidboiler tubes over said heat-transfer device, thence over said boilertubes and thence between the walls of said setting and said casing tosaid air heater.

9. A steam generator and its setting, said generator comprisinghorizontally-arranged boiler tubes, a heat-transfer devlce located abovesaid generator, an air heater located at the side of said generator andsaid heattransfer device, a casing open at its bottom intense enclosingsaid heat-transfer device, means for directing furnace gases across saidboiler tubes over said heat-transfer device, thence over said boilertubes and thence between the walls of said setting and said casing tosaid air heater, and means for directing the heated air from said airheater between the walls of said setting and said casing to the boilerfurnace. 10. A steam generator and its setting, said generatorcomprising horizontally-arranged boiler tubes, a heat-transfer devicelocated above said generator, an air heater locatedat the side of saidgenerator and said heattransfer device, acasing open at its bottomenclosing said heat-transfer device, means for directing furnace gasesacross said boiler tubes, thence over said heat-transfer device, thenceover said boiler tubes and thence upwardly between the walls of saidsetting and said casing to said air heater, and means for directing airupward] over said air heater and thence downwar ly be tween the walls ofsaid setting and said casing to said boiler furnace. 11. In combination,a setting, a furnace to supply heated gases to. said setting, means insaid setting to absorb heat from the furnace gases, a casing enclosingsaid setting, a combustion air heater, means for directing waste furnacegases from said heat-absorbing means between the walls of said settingand said casing to said air heater, and means waste furnace forconducting air through said air heater and also between the walls ofsaid setting and said casing to said furnace, whereby radiation lossesfrom said heat-absorbing means is minimized.

12. In combination, a setting, a furnace to supply heated gases to saidsetting, means in said setting to absorb heat from the furnace gases, acasing enclosing said setting, a combustion air heater havingvertically-arranged heating tubes, means for directing ses from saidheat-absorbing means upwar y between the walls of said setting and saidcasing and d wnwardly through the tubes of said air heater, and meansfor conducting air upwardly through said air heater and also'downwardlybetween the walls of said setting and said casing to said furnace,whereby radiation losses from said heat-absorbing means is minimized.

13. In combination, a steam generator and a heat transfer device eachcontacted by hot ases from the generator furnace, a flue havmg one endclosed and a gas inlet and a gas outlet at a portion of the flue remotefrom said closed end, said heat transfer device having tubes arranged inrows in said flue between the gas inlet and the closed end, and a bafllebetween a pair of said rows and movable between said rows toward andaway from 'said closed end and at one side of said inlet.

14. In combination, a steam generator and a heat transfer device eachcontacted by hot gases from the generator furnace, a flue having one endclosedand a gas inlet and a gas outlet side b a side at the end of theflue oppo'site said c osed end, said heat transfer device having tubesarranged in rows in said flue between the gas inlet and the closed end,and a baflle between a pair of said rows and movable between said rowstoward and away from said closed end and in a plane between said inletand said outlet.

15. In combination, a steam generator and a heat transfer device eachcontacted by hot gases from the generator furnace, a flue having one endclosed and a gas inlet and a s outlet at a portion of the flue remote omsaid closed end, said heat transfer device having tubes arranged in rowsin said flue between the gas inlet and the closed end, and a bafllebetween a pair of said rows and movable between said rows from aposition with one end closely adjacent said closed end to a positionwith its other end closely adjacent said inlet and outlet.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JAMES KEMNAL.

